1. The number of persons killed in the Spanish Civil War can be only roughly estimated. Nationalist forces put the figure at 1,000,000, including not only those killed in battle but also the victims of bombardment, execution, and assassination. More recent estimates have been closer to 500,000 or less. This does not include all those who died from malnutrition, starvation, and war-engendered disease.
2. In August 1936, France joined Britain, the Soviet Union, Germany, and Italy in signing a nonintervention agreement that would be ignored by the Germans, Italians, and Soviets. About 40,000 foreigners fought on the Republican side in the International Brigades largely under the command of the Comintern, and 20,000 others served in medical or auxiliary units.
3. In June 1938, the Nationalists drove to the Mediterranean Sea and cut Republican territory in two. Later in the year, Franco mounted a major offensive against Catalonia. In January 1939, its capital, Barcelona, was captured, and soon after, the rest of Catalonia fell. With the Republican cause all but lost, its leaders attempted to negotiate a peace, but Franco refused.
4. On March 28, 1939, the Republicans finally surrendered Madrid, bringing the Spanish Civil War to an end. Up to a million lives were lost in the conflict, the most devastating in Spanish history. Franco subsequently served as dictator of Spain until his death in 1975.
5. General Franco crushed the so-called October Revolution on behalf of the conservative government, and in 1935 he was appointed army chief of staff. In February 1936, new elections brought the Popular Front, a leftist coalition, to power, and Franco, a strict monarchist, was sent to an obscure command in the Canary Islands off Africa.
6. In 1931, Spanish King Alfonso XIII authorized elections to decide the government of Spain, and voters overwhelmingly chose to abolish the monarchy in favor of a liberal republic. Alfonso went into exile, and the Second Republic, initially dominated by middle-class liberals and moderate socialists, was proclaimed. During the first two years of the Republic, organized labor and leftist radicals forced widespread liberal reforms, and the independence-minded region of Catalonia and the Basque provinces achieved virtual autonomy.
7. The general and dictator Francisco Franco (1892-1975) ruled over Spain from 1939 until his death. 8.What began as a failed coup spiraled into a proxy war between Europe’s fascist and communist countries, with the future Allies backing the Republicans and the Axis powers supporting Franco’s Nationalists. While ground combat was somewhat reminiscent of World War I—tanks had a comparatively limited role, and lines remained fixed for months at a time—Hermann Göring’s Luftwaffe offered a glimpse of the role that air power would play in the German blitzkrieg.
9.Spain spent much of the 1920s under the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera, and the economic hardships caused by the Great Depression intensified polarization within the Spanish public. Labor unrest was widespread in the early 1930s, and the election of February 16, 1936, brought to power a leftist Popular Front government. Fascist and extreme-right forces responded in July 1936 with an army mutiny and coup attempt that expanded into a civil war.
10.The political and emotional reverberations of the war far transcended those of a national conflict, for many in other countries saw the Spanish Civil War as part of an international conflict between—depending on their point of view—tyranny and democracy, or fascism and freedom, or communism and civilization. For Germany and Italy, Spain was a testing ground for new methods of tank and air warfare. For Britain and France, the conflict represented a new threat to the international equilibrium that they were struggling to preserve, which in 1939 collapsed into World War II. The war also had mobilized many artists and intellectuals to take up arms.
1.it begins as a revolt of the military officers of right in the spanish Morocco and extends to mainland Spain.
2. the spanish garrisons rebellet in all spain.workers and peasants fought agains the uprising
3. Alfonso went into exile and proclaimed the second Republic, initially dominated by middle-class Liberals and moderate Socialists.
4.Melilla, Ceuta and Tetuán were soon in the hands of the nationalists, who received the help of Moroccan conservative troops who also opposed the left government in Madri
5.During 1937, Franco unified the nationalist forces under the command of the Falange, the fascist party of Spain, while the republicans fell under the domination of the communis
6.In June 1938, the nationalists went to the Mediterranean Sea and cut the Republican territory in two. At the end of the year, Franco launched a major offensive against Catalonia.
7.The nationalist revolt in the Spanish navy failed to a great extent, and warships led by sailors' committees were instrumental in securing a series of coastal cities for the Republic 8.Franco agreed to join the military conspiracy, which was to begin in Morocco at 5 am on July 18 and then in Spain 24 hours later
9. in January 1939, its capital, Barcelona, was captured, and shortly after, the rest of Catalonia fell. With the Republican cause almost lost, its leaders tried to negotiate a peace, but Franco refused.
10.On March 28, 1939, the Republicans finally surrendered from Madrid, ending the Spanish Civil War. Up to a million lives were lost in the conflict, the most devastating in Spanish history. Franco subsequently served as dictator of Spain until his death in 1975.
1-In total about 600,000 people between the two sides died 2-The murders of José Castillo (Republican) and José Calvo Sotelo (monarchist) were the antecedents that marked the beginning ofthe conflict 3-France and United Kingdom signed the non-intervention Pact tonot interfere.Did the same thing the nazi Germany of Hitler or Portugal with Salazar in command. 4-The Republican side received only support from the USSR, muchless effective and powerful than the one received by Franco 5-40,000 soldiers recruited in different countries by the CommunistInternational were to fight in Spain. Include the battles of Madrid orthe Jarama.In 1938 they left Spain 6-The war caused the exile of more than 450,000 people, who tookrefuge in France. 7-German aviation, the Condor Legion, bombed the town ofGuernica on April 26, 1937. It is estimated that 70% of the buildings were destroyed and thatmore than 1,000 people were killed. 8-The USSR also sent 510 tonnes of gold in what is known as theMoscow gold. 9-The writer George Orwell took part in the war from the Republicanside. Years later he wrote homage to Catalonia 10-The Gran Via of Madrid was nicknamed Via the howitzers, bymultiple bombings suffered. Grupo3
ReplyDelete1. The number of persons killed in the Spanish Civil War can be only roughly estimated. Nationalist forces put the figure at 1,000,000, including not only those killed in battle but also the victims of bombardment, execution, and assassination. More recent estimates have been closer to 500,000 or less. This does not include all those who died from malnutrition, starvation, and war-engendered disease.
2. In August 1936, France joined Britain, the Soviet Union, Germany, and Italy in signing a nonintervention agreement that would be ignored by the Germans, Italians, and Soviets. About 40,000 foreigners fought on the Republican side in the International Brigades largely under the command of the Comintern, and 20,000 others served in medical or auxiliary units.
3. In June 1938, the Nationalists drove to the Mediterranean Sea and cut Republican territory in two. Later in the year, Franco mounted a major offensive against Catalonia. In January 1939, its capital, Barcelona, was captured, and soon after, the rest of Catalonia fell. With the Republican cause all but lost, its leaders attempted to negotiate a peace, but Franco refused.
4. On March 28, 1939, the Republicans finally surrendered Madrid, bringing the Spanish Civil War to an end. Up to a million lives were lost in the conflict, the most devastating in Spanish history. Franco subsequently served as dictator of Spain until his death in 1975.
5. General Franco crushed the so-called October Revolution on behalf of the conservative government, and in 1935 he was appointed army chief of staff. In February 1936, new elections brought the Popular Front, a leftist coalition, to power, and Franco, a strict monarchist, was sent to an obscure command in the Canary Islands off Africa.
6. In 1931, Spanish King Alfonso XIII authorized elections to decide the government of Spain, and voters overwhelmingly chose to abolish the monarchy in favor of a liberal republic. Alfonso went into exile, and the Second Republic, initially dominated by middle-class liberals and moderate socialists, was proclaimed. During the first two years of the Republic, organized labor and leftist radicals forced widespread liberal reforms, and the independence-minded region of Catalonia and the Basque provinces achieved virtual autonomy.
7.
The general and dictator Francisco Franco (1892-1975) ruled over Spain from 1939 until his death.
8.What began as a failed coup spiraled into a proxy war between Europe’s fascist and communist countries, with the future Allies backing the Republicans and the Axis powers supporting Franco’s Nationalists. While ground combat was somewhat reminiscent of World War I—tanks had a comparatively limited role, and lines remained fixed for months at a time—Hermann Göring’s Luftwaffe offered a glimpse of the role that air power would play in the German blitzkrieg.
9.Spain spent much of the 1920s under the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera, and the economic hardships caused by the Great Depression intensified polarization within the Spanish public. Labor unrest was widespread in the early 1930s, and the election of February 16, 1936, brought to power a leftist Popular Front government. Fascist and extreme-right forces responded in July 1936 with an army mutiny and coup attempt that expanded into a civil war.
10.The political and emotional reverberations of the war far transcended those of a national conflict, for many in other countries saw the Spanish Civil War as part of an international conflict between—depending on their point of view—tyranny and democracy, or fascism and freedom, or communism and civilization. For Germany and Italy, Spain was a testing ground for new methods of tank and air warfare. For Britain and France, the conflict represented a new threat to the international equilibrium that they were struggling to preserve, which in 1939 collapsed into World War II. The war also had mobilized many artists and intellectuals to take up arms.
GRUPO1
Ten time more important Spanish Civil War
ReplyDelete1.it begins as a revolt of the military officers of right in the spanish Morocco and extends to mainland Spain.
2. the spanish garrisons rebellet in all spain.workers and peasants fought agains the uprising
3. Alfonso went into exile and proclaimed the second Republic, initially dominated by middle-class Liberals and moderate Socialists.
4.Melilla, Ceuta and Tetuán were soon in the hands of the nationalists, who received the help of Moroccan conservative troops who also opposed the left government in Madri
5.During 1937, Franco unified the nationalist forces under the command of the Falange, the fascist party of Spain, while the republicans fell under the domination of the communis
6.In June 1938, the nationalists went to the Mediterranean Sea and cut the Republican territory in two. At the end of the year, Franco launched a major offensive against Catalonia.
7.The nationalist revolt in the Spanish navy failed to a great extent, and warships led by sailors' committees were instrumental in securing a series of coastal cities for the Republic
8.Franco agreed to join the military conspiracy, which was to begin in Morocco at 5 am on July 18 and then in Spain 24 hours later
9. in January 1939, its capital, Barcelona, was captured, and shortly after, the rest of Catalonia fell. With the Republican cause almost lost, its leaders tried to negotiate a peace, but Franco refused.
10.On March 28, 1939, the Republicans finally surrendered from Madrid, ending the Spanish Civil War. Up to a million lives were lost in the conflict, the most devastating in Spanish history. Franco subsequently served as dictator of Spain until his death in 1975.
group 2
1-In total about 600,000 people between the two sides died
ReplyDelete2-The murders of José Castillo (Republican) and José Calvo Sotelo (monarchist) were the antecedents that marked the beginning ofthe conflict
3-France and United Kingdom signed the non-intervention Pact tonot interfere.Did the same thing the nazi Germany of Hitler or Portugal with Salazar in command.
4-The Republican side received only support from the USSR, muchless effective and powerful than the one received by Franco
5-40,000 soldiers recruited in different countries by the CommunistInternational were to fight in Spain. Include the battles of Madrid orthe Jarama.In 1938 they left Spain
6-The war caused the exile of more than 450,000 people, who tookrefuge in France.
7-German aviation, the Condor Legion, bombed the town ofGuernica on April 26, 1937. It is estimated that 70% of the buildings were destroyed and thatmore than 1,000 people were killed.
8-The USSR also sent 510 tonnes of gold in what is known as theMoscow gold.
9-The writer George Orwell took part in the war from the Republicanside. Years later he wrote homage to Catalonia
10-The Gran Via of Madrid was nicknamed Via the howitzers, bymultiple bombings suffered.
Grupo3